Venös arteriell insufficiens
Kronisk venøs insuffisiens betyr vedvarende svikt i blodårene (venene) i bena som frakter blodet tilbake til hjertet.
Chronic venous insufficiency: What to know
Tilstanden er karakterisert ved åreknuter, hevelser, hudforandringer og eventuelt sår i ett eller begge bein. Chronic venous insufficiency CVI is a medical condition in which blood pools in the veins , straining the walls of the vein. If the impaired vein function causes significant symptoms, such as swelling and ulcer formation, it is referred to as chronic venous disease. Most cases of CVI can be improved with treatments to the superficial venous system or stenting the deep system.
Varicose veins for example can now be treated by local anesthetic endovenous surgery. Rates of CVI are higher in women than in men. The most common cause of chronic venous insufficiency is reflux of the venous valves of superficial veins. Deep and superficial vein thrombosis may in turn be caused by thrombophilia , which is an increased propensity of forming blood clots. Arteriovenous fistula an abnormal connection or passageway between an artery and a vein may cause chronic venous insufficiency even with working vein valves.
History and examination by a clinician for characteristic signs and symptoms are sufficient in many cases in ruling out systemic causes of venous hypertension such as hypervolemia and heart failure. Insufficiency within a venous segment is defined as reflux of more than 0. Invasive venography can be used in patients who may require surgery or have suspicion of venous stenosis.
Other modalities that may be employed are: ankle-brachial index to exclude arterial pathology, air or photoplethysmography, intravascular ultrasound, and ambulatory venous pressures, which provides a global assessment of venous competence. Venous plethysmography can assess for reflux and muscle pump dysfunction but the test is laborious and rarely done. The venous filling time after the patient is asked to stand up from a seated position also is used to assess for CVI.
Rapid filling of the legs less than 20 seconds is abnormal. Conservative treatment of CVI in the leg involves symptomatic treatment and efforts to prevent the condition from getting worse instead of effecting a cure. This may include. Surgical treatment of CVI attempts a cure by physically changing the veins with incompetent valves. Surgical treatments for CVI include the following:. Venous insufficiency conservative, hemodynamic and ambulatory treatment CHIVA method is an ultrasound guided, minimally invasive surgery strategic for the treatment of varicose veins, performed under local anaesthetic.
CVI is not a benign disorder and, with its progression, can lead to morbidity. Venous ulcers are common and very difficult to treat. Chronic venous ulcers are painful and debilitating. Even with treatment, recurrences are common if venous hypertension persists. The venous insufficiency can also lead to severe hemorrhage. Surgery for CVI remains unsatisfactory despite the availability of numerous procedures. Contents move to sidebar hide.
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Venous Insufficiency
Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikidata item. Pooling of blood in the veins. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Medical condition. Signs and symptoms [ edit ]. Causes [ edit ]. Diagnosis [ edit ]. Further information: Ultrasonography of chronic venous insufficiency of the legs.
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